There are a number of drugs, which can decelerate the bone loss, and may even lead to enhancement in bone mineral density over time. Some of the drugs that are particularly effective and prescribe for treating / preventing the progress of osteoporosis include :
Bisphosphonates : These drugs preserve bone mass inhibiting the breakdown of bone and also enhance the bone density of spine and hip. A well-known drug, Fosamax belonging to this group reduces the risk of fracture of spine and hip by about 50 %. The other well-known drugs belonging to this group that are used to prevent fractures includes risedronate (Actonel) and etidronate (Didronel). These drugs need to be taken once in a week. They are particularly helpful in young people afflicted with steroid-induced causes of osteoporosis. These drugs are generally prescribed to asthma or arthritis patients along with conventional long-term steroid therapy to prevent causes of osteoporosis. You should ensure that when on these drugs, you take adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D. Some of the side effects of bisphosphonates include nausea, vomiting, stomachache and esophageal irritation.
Estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) : The most important drug used to treat causes of osteoporosis belonging to this class includes raloxifene. This drug possess beneficial effects similar to estrogen on bone mineral density among women in postmenopausal stage, with the added advantage of lack of side effects associated with estrogen including enhanced risk of uterine and breast cancer. The common side effect of raloxifene includes hot flashes. In case have a history of blood clots, you must not take this drug.
Calcitonin : This is a hormone produced by thyroid gland and decreases the bone restoration. It is quite effective in preventing spine fracture; however, it does not prevent the hip fractures in most people. It is available only as nasal sprays or injections only. This drug is generally prescribed to patients who cannot be given estrogen or bisphosphonates. This drug has more side effects than other drugs used to treat causes of osteoporosis.
Tamoxifen : This drug is a conventional treatment for breast cancer and is now being used to treat causes of osteoporosis as well. It mimics the action of estrogen and thus can reduce bon loss.
By Riana Lance
